#外刊英语阅读#?#每日一篇外刊#?

背景：

11月5日是英国一年一度的篝火节，也被称作“盖伊·福克斯之夜”（guy fawkes night）。篝火节源于17世纪初，因为不满英国国王詹姆士一世的宗教迫害，一个叫盖伊·福克斯的人带着一群极端天主教徒，提出一个“火药阴谋”：他们把36桶黑火药秘密运入国会大厦相邻房子的地下室，打算在11月5日国王召开会议时引爆火药，炸毁国会大厦，杀死国王和议会政要们。

结果事情败露，福克斯在11月4日被捕，之后与其同谋一起被处死。为了纪念这个恐怖阴谋的粉碎，每年一到11月5日，各地都会焚烧福克斯的模拟像，燃放烟花庆祝。时至今日，篝火节早已不再是反对天主教的活动，而逐渐变成了英国人玩篝火、看烟花的好机会，福克斯的模拟肖像每年也都会被玩 high 的英国人烧一回。不过英国的初冬也倒因为有了这些篝火变得温暖起来。

"

gunpowder, treason and plot

① "remember, remember the fifth of november, gunpowder, treason and plot. we see no reason, why gunpowder treason, should ever be forgot!"

② in england, every 5th of november we remember the gunpowder plot of 1605 - a thwarted act of terror in which a gang of catholic conspirators planned to blow up the english parliament to rid england of king james i.

③ they managed to smuggle 36 barrels of gunpowder into a cellar beneath the house of lords - enough to completely destroy the building.

④ their plan backfired when the gunpowder was discovered and the conspirators were all executed in a rather gruesome manner. well, they did try to kill the king and blow up parliament.

⑤ the plot is commemorated every autumn with the burning of an effigy of guy fawkes, the plot's mastermind.

⑥ it's a peculiar english 'celebration' which includes fireworks (representing the gunpowder), sparklers and toffee apples.

⑦ the memory of the gunpowder plot lingers in british politics to this day: the yeoman of the guard still peer into the cellars beneath the houses as part of the state opening of parliament to check for gunpowder.

"

▍生词好句

gunpowder /?ɡ?n?pa?d?, ?ɡ?n?pa?d?r/: n. 火药

treason /?tri?z?n/: n. (叛国) 罪

plot /pl?t, plɑ?t/: n. 阴谋；秘密计划

forget /f??ɡet, f?r?ɡet/: vt. 忘记 (过去分词 forgot/forgotten)

barrel /?b?r?l/: n. 桶

cellar /?sel?, ?sel?r/: n. 地窖；地下室

execute /?eks?kju?t/: vt. (依法) 处决/处死

gruesome /?ɡru?s?m/: adj. 恐怖的；可怕的

commemorate /k??mem?re?t/: vt. 纪念；缅怀

effigy /?ef?d?i/: n. (尤指被憎恨人的) 模拟像/画像/雕像

peculiar /p??kju?li?, p??kju?li?r/: adj. 特有的

firework /?fa??w??k, ?fa??w??rk/: n. 烟花

sparkler /?spɑ?kl?, ?spɑ?rkl?r/: n. (手拿的) 小烟花棒

yeoman of the guard /?j??m?n/: 皇家卫队

▍词汇拓展

1. conspirator /k?n?sp?r?t?, k?n?sp?r?t?r/: n. people who conspire to do something, usually something bad, usually against the king, against the state

2. thwart /θw??t, θw??rt/: vt. if you thwart something, you stop something from happening, or you stop someone from doing something

the guards thwarted his attempt to escape from prison.

卫兵阻止了他越狱。

our plans for a picnic were thwarted by the rain.

因为下雨，我们要去野餐的计划泡汤了。

the police thwarted the robber's plan.

因为警察的出现，劫匪的计划没能得逞。

3. smuggle /?sm?ɡ?l/: vt. to take things or to move items or people illegally, usually from one place to another, from one country to another

oh, there is a sign in the cinema which says no food or drink allowed. but sometimes i smuggle a hamburger into the cinema, and i eat it during the film.

电影院规定不能带零食和饮料，但有时候我会偷偷带个汉堡包进去，然后在看电影的时候把它解决掉。

i cheated during the exam. i smuggled my notebook into the exam room under my jacket.

我考试作弊了，我把笔记本藏在外套里偷偷带进了考场。

oh, last night at the party. well, my friend didn't have a ticket, so i smuggled her into the party through the back door.

昨天晚上的聚会，我有个朋友没票，所以我就从后门把她偷偷带进去了。

4. backfire / ?b?k?fa??, ?b?kfa?r/: vi.

if a plan backfires, it has the opposite result from the one you wanted

· 主语可以是
strategy/situation/experiment 等

5. mastermind /?mɑ?st?ma?nd, ?m?st?rma?nd/: n. someone who plans a very difficult activity, often a crime

the mastermind behind the robbery was never caught.

那桩抢劫案的主谋至今依然逍遥法外。

the advertising manager is the mastermind behind our new marketing policy.

广告经理策划了我们这次新的营销策略。

6. linger /?l??ɡ?, ?l??ɡ?r/: vi. if something lingers, it takes a long time to disappear, it stays with us for a long time

the beautiful music is still lingering in my ears.

那美妙的音乐仍在我耳边萦绕。

the wine has a delicious lingering flavour.

这酒的香味令人回味无穷

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